The Dogo Argentino (also known as the Argentine Dogo) is a large, white, muscular dog that was developed in Argentina for the purpose of big-game hunting, primarily cougar and wild boar. It was first bred in the 1920s or '30s from the Cordoban Fighting Dog.

The Dogo Argentino is a large white short-coated dog with a smooth muscular body rarely having any markings. Its height is from about 62 cm (24.3 inches) at the withers for male dogs and 60 cm (23.5 inches) for female dogs to about height is 68.5 cm (27 inches). The length of body is just slightly longer than tall, but female dogs may be somewhat longer in body than male dogs. The length of the front leg (measured from point of elbow to the ground) is approximately equal to one-half of the dog's height at the withers. The head has a broad, slightly domed skull and the muzzle is slightly higher at the nose than the stop, when viewed in profile. The tail is set low, thick at the base and tapers to a point. It has been described as being a large, solid white American Pit Bull Terrier.

As in the Dalmatian and the white Bull Terrier, the dogo experiences pigment-related deafness. There is an approximately 10% deafness rate overall with some dogos afflicted unilaterally (one deaf ear) and some dogs bilaterally (deaf in both ears).[citation needed] Studies show the incidence of deafness is drastically decreased when only breeding stock with bilaterally normal hearing is used. Hip dysplasia is also a possibility in this breed.

Dogos are big-game hunters and are sometimes trained for search and rescue, police assistance, and military work. Due to their physical capabilities, they are not common family pets, though they are sometimes kept by experienced dog handlers.

Dogos Argentinos are protective of what they perceive as their territory and will guard it against any intruder. They get along with other dogs as long as they have been properly socialised, but will usually not tolerate another dog trying to assert dominance over them and might not coexist peacefully with another dominant breed of dog. They can develop an aggressive or dominant temperament if not socialised with other dogs at an early age, particularly with other dogs of the same sex.

The Dogo Argentino was bred primarily from the extinct Cordoba Fighting Dog. It was bred to reduce certain aggressive traits inherent in the Cordoban Fighting Dog, specifically its lack of ability to hunt cooperatively in a pack, as the breed was intended to function as a cooperative pack hunter. In particular areas of the world where dog fighting as a bloodsport remains culturally acceptable, some people have bred them for fighting. Dogos of these lines are extremely aggressive and not suited for big game hunting, unlike the original Dogo Argentino.

In the 1930s, Antonio Nores Martinez attempted to breed a big game hunting dog that would also capable of being a loyal pet and guard dog. Martinez picked the Cordoba Fighting Dog to be the base for the breed. This breed is extinct today but was described as a large and ferocious dog that was both a great hunter and fighter. He crossed it with the Great Dane, Boxer, Spanish Mastiff, Old English Bulldog, Bull Terrier, Great Pyrenees, Pointer, Irish Wolfhound and Dogue de Bordeaux. Martinez continued to improve the resulting breed via selective breeding to introduce the desired traits.